Hydrocarbon-furnace



(No Model.) 1

0. D. ORVIS.

HYDROCARBON FURNAGE. N0. 313,101. Patented Mar. 3, 1885.

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ORLAND D. ORVIS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,101, dated March 3, 1885.

Application hled January 1G, 1R84. (No model.)

To ctZZ w/wm it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ORLAND'D. Onvrs, a citizen of the United States, residing in Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in HydrocarbonFurnaces, of which the following is a specification.

rlhis invention relates to improvements in hydrocarbon-furnaces, for which Letters Patent 0f the United States, No. 288,477, were granted me November 13, 1883, and is designed to be used in connection with tire-chambers in which there is an unusually strong draft-as, for instance, railroad and fire engines, Src.

The objects of this invention are to avoid any possibility, by reason of an unusually strong draft, of the hydrocarbons escaping into the fire-chamber in a liquid form, to more effectually commingle both the vaporous and liquid hydrocarbons with the steam and air during their admission to the retort, in which they afterwards rise and escape only in a vaporou's condition into the fire-chamber.

Further objects of my invention are to prevent the escape of liquid hydrocarbons into the injector,and thereby avoid any possibility of their dripping into or through the air-supply pipe of the injector, and also to simplify the connection of the injector with the retort. I attain these objects by devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichj Figure l is a longitudinal section in detail of devices embodying my invention; Fig. 2,- an enlarged perspective View of the nipple connecting the Vinjector and retort, and having formed therewith a drip-cup and detlector.

Similar let-ters of reference indicate the same parts in both figures of the drawings.

Arepresents a detail section of a waterjacket fire-chamber-such as is employed in railroad and other engines-and B an injector consisting. of a globe vacuum-chamber, a, an air-supply pipe, b, a curved steam-jet, c, and an oil-supply nozzle, d, projected through the neck or tapping of the injector at a right angle to and just above and in front of the steamjet. Inside of the fire-chamber is a retort, C, provided near its upper end and on its inner side with an opening, preferably elongated horizontally, and forming an inlet for the escape of hydrocarbon vapors to the fire-chamber.

The injector and retort are substantially the same in construction as set forth in the patent referred to; but it should be understood that my present invention is not limited to these special constructions, and may be applied to others varying materially in their form and arrangement.

Passing through the wall of the :lire-chamber is a nipple, D, screw-threaded on its pro' jecting ends,for the direct attachment thereto of both the injector and the retort, and formin g the supply-passage of the hydrocarbon, air, and steam to the retort from the injector. Depending from the upper portion of the nipple is a deilector, E, formed continuous with the nipple, and projecting downwardly at an oblique angle to the length of the nipple,said dellector being preferably formed by cutting away a portion of the nipple, leaving enough to form the deiiector, which is then bent downwardly, as shown; but the detlector may consist of a separate piece joined to the nipple or t0 the retort in any suitable manner. By the employment of this deflector it will be seen that the liquid portions of the hydrocarbons passing through the nipple to the retort are not only thrown downwardly to the bottom of the retort, but striking against the deflector are broken up, and hence more thoroughly commingled with the inowing steam and air, and also the steam and air more effectually commingled with each other before entering the retort than if the detlector were omitted. The ultimate object of this, and also the invention set forth in my patent, is to introduce into a fire-chamber hydrocarbons only in a vaporous forni, and in furnaces of medium draft this object is attained Without the employment of a deector; but by experiment it is found that in re-chambers-such, for eX- ample, as those of railroadengines, where the steam-power is very high-liquid portions of the hydrocarbons are forced through the retort into the firechamber, and result in smoke and aproportionate waste ofthe hydrocarbons.

By the employment in this class ofhre-chambers of the deflector these objections are entirely avoided, for not only are the hydrocar- IOO bons, steam, and air more thoroughly coniniingled, but are thrown down into the retort, and of necessity rising before escaping to the re-chamber, the hydrocarbons are notonly vaporized inthe heated retort, but these vapors are raised to ahigh temperature and expanded before they escape, the expansion serving to canse them to enter the furnace with great force, which is very desirable, for theyv are correspondingly spread over a greater portion of the nre-chamber. Preferably the detleotor is projected below the plane of the retort-outlet, as shown, and for the reason that it may afford a surface against which the impinging of the expanded vapors will cause them to react and be thrown with greater force into the furnace. In other words. that portion of the ret-ort above the free end of the deeotor is converted into an expansion-chamber, from which the vapors can only escape into the firechamber, their accumulated force in the eX- pansion-charnber depending upon the force of the steam and air and the relative dimensions ofthe ingress and egress openings ofthe retort.

To prevent the escape of the liquid hydrocarbons from the nipple into the air-supply pipe, a projection, F, is formed upon the under sideof the nipple, in the same manner as the detlector; but instead of being bent down at its `juncture with the nipple it has only its free end slightly turned up to form a drip-cup,

which will not interfere with the passage of air between it and the steanrnozzle; but this drip-cup may be formed by a plate projecting from the edge of the globe vacuum-chamber at the juncture therewith of its tapping.

The advantages of forming the deliector and drip-cup with the nipple are that it requires but little labor and expense and facilitates and simplifies the connection of the retort and in- 4o jector.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

l. The combination, with the retort and the supply-passage thereto, of a defiector projecting downwardly into the retort from the upper edge of said passage, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the supply-passage and the deliectorprojecting downwardly from the upper portion of said passage, of a retort provided with an outlet, and with an expansion-chamber extending below said out let, and between the outlet and the opening of Vitnesses:

CHARLES G. PAGE, W. W. ELLIOTT. 

